The effect of training based on Orem self-care model on burden in patients with multiple sclerosis

Background. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system and most often occurs in people between the ages of 20 to 50 years. Orem's self-care model is one of the models that have had a special approach to human and health care issues. The aim of this study was to review the effect of self-care training based on the Orem model on the burden on caregivers of patients..

Methods. The present quasi-experimental study was performed on 76 main members of the family caring for patients with multiple sclerosis in Bandar Abbas with a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. The study units were randomly selected and divided into two groups of control and intervention. The intervention group was trained according to the Orem training program in patients with amnesia during 6-8 sessions of 40 minutes. In order to assess the burden on caregivers, a 22-item "Zarit" questionnaire was used and a questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention in both groups. The results were analyzed with SPSS software version 26.

Results. The difference between the mean of burden before the intervention (44.6 13 13) and after the intervention (33.7 10 10) in the intervention group was significant (P<0.05), which indicated the positive effect of training on decrease in the burden. The increase in the age of the intervention group was associated with an increase in the burden on the caregivers (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the burden on caregivers and the amount of income in the intervention group (P<0.05).

Conclusion. Educating the caregiver of these patients can play an important role in reducing the burden on the caregiver during the long period of care. Applying Orem self-care model enables people to play a more active role in their care and treatment, thereby improving self-care, reducing fear and dependence, increasing motivation and self-confidence, and a sense of independence.

Practical Implications. Application of research findings in nursing practice, nursing service management and nursing training.