Pelletization Process for the Production of Fuel Pellets from Various Surplus Biomass: A Review

The increasing demand for renewable and sustainable energy sources has led to a growing interest in utilizing surplus biomass for the production of fuel pellets. Pelletization is a promising process that converts biomass into compact and uniform fuel pellets, which can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. Biomass is an important renewable energy source, and surplus biomass can be used to produce fuel pellets. The review also discusses the different types of biomass feedstocks that can be used for pelletization, including their availability, properties, and suitability for pellet production. The review further delves into the pelletization process, covering the key steps, such as size reduction, drying, conditioning, pelletization, and cooling. The influence of process parameters on pellet quality, including pellet durability, density, moisture content, and energy content, is also discussed in detail. The information presented in this review can serve as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and policymakers interested in biomass pelletization for renewable energy production.